Q Ratio Signals Horrific Market Bottom, CLSA Says (Update2)
By Patrick Rial
Dec. 10 (Bloomberg) -- A global stock slump may have further to go,
> according to Tobins Q ratio, which compares the market value of
> companies to the cost of their constituent parts, CLSA Ltd. strategist
> Russell Napier said.
>
> The ratio, developed in 1969 by Nobel Prize-winning economist James
> Tobin, shows the Standard & Poors 500 Index is still too expensive
> relative to the cost of replacing assets, said Napier. While the 39
> percent drop in the index this year pushed equity prices below
> replacement cost, history suggests the ratio must sink further as
> deflation sets in, he said. The S&P may plunge another 55 percent to 400
> by 2014, > Bear-Market Scholar
>
> Napier, who teaches at Edinburgh Business School and advised clients to
> buy oil in 2002 before it tripled, based his S&P 500 forecast on the Q
> ratio for U.S. equities as well as the 10-year cyclically adjusted
> price-to-earnings ratio, another measure of long-term value.
>
> Before the trough in 2014, investors are likely to see a so- called bear
> market rally for the next two years as central bank actions delay the
> onset of deflation, Napier said.
>
> In the long run, stocks will become even cheaper, said Brian
> Shepardson, who helps manage $1.9 billion at Xenia, Ohio- based James
> Investment Research. The firms James Balanced Golden Rainbow Fund beat
> 98 percent of similar funds this year. There?s a likelihood of some
> type of rally and further pullback surpassing the lows weve already
> set.
>
> The Q ratio on U.S. equities has dropped to 0.7 from a peak of 2.9 in
> 1999, and reaching 0.3 has always signaled the end of a bear market,
> said Napier, 44, the author of Anatomy of the Bear, a study of how
> business cycles change course. The Q ratio for U.S. equities has
> fluctuated between 0.3 and 3 in the past 130 years.
>
> When the gauge is more than one, it indicates the market is overvaluing
> company assets, while a Q ratio of less than one signifies shares are
> undervalued because it is cheaper to buy companies than to build them
> from the ground up.
>
> Previous Bottoms
>
> At the end of the four largest U.S. bear markets in 1921, 1932, 1949 and
> 1982, the Q ratio fell to 0.3 or lower, and history is likely to repeat,
> said Napier. From the 1982 trough, the S&P 500 grew more than 14-fold to
> the middle of 2000, when Napier says the last bull market ended.
>
> Napier started his career in 1989 as a fund manager for the Scottish
> firm Baillie Gifford & Co. As CLSAs Asian strategist he called the
> bottom of Asian equity markets in mid-1998. This year, he predicted
> gains in Japanese stocks prior to a 38 percent decline
>
> Awaiting Signals
>
> For those who are worried about losing much of their investment almost
> overnight, very clearly youd want to wait for those signals to give a
> much stronger case, he said. The bear market will have a painful
> resolution, its just a question of how painful, over what period of
> time and for what parties.
>
> Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernankes indication that he will use
> quantitative easing to prevent deflation points to a stock market
> rally that may last for the next two years, Napier said. With
> quantitative easing, a tool pioneered by the Bank of Japan, central
> banks can stimulate inflation by printing money and flooding the market
> with cash in order to encourage consumers to spend.
>
> The governments efforts will eventually fail as ballooning government
> debt devalues the dollar, causes investors to flee U.S. assets and takes
> the S&P 500 to its eventual bottom in 2014, Napier said.
>
> Bear markets always end for exactly the same reason, and that is the
> market begins to price in deflation, he said. Equities will be
> incredibly cheap.