So I've been thinking about analysing forex market hours where big banks and institutions with all the volume decide to take profit in a currency or pair. How does money flow and where does it flow? Anyone tips on this one?
1. I’d rather like to know where they INITIATE a position. Where they take a profit would be a distant second for me.
2. They iceberg orders, use multiple accounts, multiple clearing firms. They can even use ‘give-up agreements’ and not bother with multiple accounts. The Commitment of Traders Report would be useless. The only parties who would be privy to those order tags would be the exchange internal audit and compliance Department, and SEC / CFTC.
Even if, for example, you knew that Morgan Stanley just sold 3,000 Euro/USD futures - it would be a huge mistake to assume that it was for the bank’s proprietary desk. MS services hundreds of hedge funds, hundreds of family offices, and dozens of private equity firms. MS services commercials and institutional accounts. Again, you would need to be able to glean specific individual account identifier tags. And that information is absolutely not disseminated outside certain personnel at the exchange.
The other point is that what you might assume is spec coming from a bank desk is much more likey than not a hedge. Let’s say that Caterpillar sells at a fixed price contract a large order of ore transport trucks to an Australian mining conglomerate. The contract specified a fixed cost denominated in AUD and a 12 month delivery timetable. Assume that Caterpillar does their commercial banking through Chase. The Caterpillar CFO wants to hedge his FX risk, so he calls up the JP Morgan FX desk and sells AUD Swaps. In turn, the JP Morgan Desk sells an appropriate hedge in either the futures or the cash market or some combination that yields the minimum slippage. At least 90 percent of what bank desks do is make markets and book the differential. You don’t have eight traders manning a desk in NYC each just buying and selling on spec all day long. Doesn’t happen. I’ve got friends and former clients who work on bank desks - for the most part they are buying bids, selling offers, and making markets.
The head of a bank desk isn’t going to let some new hire sit there with a chart and wing around 1,000’s of FX futures all day long.

That’s not their business model.