Another theory, which I heard from a high-frequency trader today, is that by spoofing high-frequency traders out of $879,018 -- Sarao's alleged profits on the day of the flash crash -- he might have caused them to hit their loss limits and shut off their own trading algorithms. Without the usual market-makers to provide liquidity, the market would have been more easily spooked than usual, and it would have been a lot easier for it to produce the wrong price. Which, for a few minutes on May 6, 2010, it definitely did.
UQ
Come on. HFT firms were in the market as the market started dumping. Sarao stopped trading before that. Most of the firms that stopped trading, stopped because a) they no longer believed the accuracy of the quotes, or b) it was some scary sh** going on and risk managers pulled the plug. I've heard that a large percentage of HFT firms that kept their machines on made a killing that day.
This type of spoofing is not affected by an algo that has any intelligence. And most HFT firms fall in this category. Do you think these guys don't know about the spoofing, don't you think they work around it? Of course they do.