Quote from dddooo:
Article II of the consitution declares the president to be commander-in-chief, it does not directly (or indirectly) address issues of warrantless searches or foreign intelligence, let alone warrantless searches of american citizens.
Article II makes the President the Commander in Chief. As the Powerline article states, and feel free to find data that refutes this:
"When it comes to waging war, the President, not the Congress or the courts, is the supreme authority." The Supreme Court has also written that the President has the Constitutional power "to employ [the nation's Armed Force] in the manner he may deem most effectual to harass and conquer and subdue the enemy."
Noone questions this basic principle. If our soldiers or intelligence agencies discover a terrorist in Afghanistan, Iraq or elsewhere, the President or his designees can order an air strike or other attack to kill him. It would be very odd if the President has the authority to kill a terrorist, but not to intercept his telephone calls or search his cave."
On the other side the 4th amendment is quite explicit regarding warrantless searches of american citizens - they are not allowed under any pretext:
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Thank you. The key phrase is
..against unreasonable searches. If an American is making calls or e-mails to an Al Qaeda operative, or his number and/or e-mail address are found on a terrorists' communications equipment, would you call that "unreasonable" circumstances to monitor that person's communications?
You are also wrong that "warrantless searches of American citizens - they are not allowed under any pretext."
There are numerous situations that are approved by the courts for American citizens to be searched without warrants. Among the many:
Detain American citizens for investigative purposes without a warrant;
Arrest American citizens, based on probable cause, without a warrant;
Conduct a warrantless search of the person of an American citizen who has been detained, with or without a warrant;
Conduct a warrantless search of the home of an American citizen in order to secure the premises while a warrant is being obtained;
Conduct a warrantless search of, and seize, items belonging to American citizens that are displayed in plain view and that are obviously criminal or dangerous in nature;
Conduct a warrantless search of anything belonging to an American citizen under exigent circumstances if considerations of public safety make obtaining a warrant impractical;
Conduct a warrantless search of an American citizen's home and belongings if another person, who has apparent authority over the premises, consents;
Conduct a warrantless search of an American citizen's car anytime there is probable cause to believe it contains contraband or any evidence of a crime;
Conduct a warrantless search of any closed container inside the car of an American citizen if there is probable cause to search the car â regardless of whether there is probable cause to search the container itself;
Conduct a warrantless search of any property apparently abandoned by an American citizen;
Conduct a warrantless search of any property of an American citizen that has lawfully been seized in order to create an inventory and protect police from potential hazards or civil claims;
Conduct a warrantless search â including a strip search â at the border of any American citizen entering or leaving the United States;
Conduct a warrantless search at the border of the baggage and other property of any American citizen entering or leaving the United States;
Conduct a warrantless search of any American citizen seeking to enter a public building;
Conduct a warrantless search of random Americans at police checkpoints established for public-safety purposes (such as to detect and discourage drunk driving);
Conduct warrantless monitoring of common areas frequented by American citizens;
Conduct warrantless searches of American citizens and their vessels on the high seas;
Conduct warrantless monitoring of any telephone call or conversation of an American citizen as long as one participant in the conversation has consented to the monitoring;
Conduct warrantless searches of junkyards maintained by American citizens;
Conduct warrantless searches of docks maintained by American citizens;
Conduct warrantless searches of bars or nightclubs owned by American citizens to police underage drinking;
Conduct warrantless searches of auto-repair shops operated by American citizens;
Conduct warrantless searches of the books of American gem dealers in order to discourage traffic in stolen goods;
Conduct warrantless drug screening of American citizens working in government, emergency services, the transportation industry, and nuclear plants;
Conduct warrantless drug screening of American citizens who are school officials;
Conduct warrantless drug screening of American citizens who are school students;
Conduct warrantless searches of American citizens who are on bail, probation or parole.
Clearly, then, the paramount principle is that searches of Americans have to be reasonable.
Furthermore, the 4th amendment doesn't apply to terrorists overseas now, does it? One of our soldiers can go into a cave in Afghanistan and search it, and kill the enemy without needing a warrant. Does it make sense that we can kill him but not monitor his phone calls?
The Supreme Court and the federal court of appeals have made rulings that uphold the concept of warrantless searches for foreign intelligence purposes as being Constitutional. Combined with what the FISA Court of Review said, I don't understand how you can still argue that the President broke the law.