November 29, 2007
Europe: Portfolio Strategy
Goldman Sachs Strategy Research 1
Europe: Portfolio Strategy
Differentiate in 2008
A cyclical bear phase
While the âstructuralâ bull market driven by the long-lasting impact of
globalisation and technological change remains in place, the ongoing
financial crisis is likely to further reduce investor confidence in
economic activity. A further adjustment to growth expectations is likely
to push equity prices lower. We believe that 2008 consensus profit
expectations (at 9%) remain unrealistic: we forecast zero growth in net
income pre-exceptionals. The market is implying roughly 3% profit
growth for 2008 by our estimates. Further downgrades remain likely.
Expect further downside of about 10%-15%
Using 3.5% risk premium as our base assumption, with no earnings
growth next year, our model suggests the market needs to fall c.5% to
reach fair value. In practice, however, markets tend to overshoot as the
ERP rises. Using an ERP of c.4% (the level reached in 2002) would imply
a further 10%-15% fall. We believe that financials hold the key to a
recovery in 2008. History suggests this occurs at a P/B discount of
c.40% (25% currently) and when the sector recapitalises. The equity
market also tends to trough well in advance of the economy and
profits. We expect a sharp rebound in 2008 from lower levels, with a
total return of 5%-7% for the year, but with high volatility. We expect
greater differentiation of returns, with a focus on growth, balance sheet
strength and large caps.
What if? Assessing the impact of a hard landing
Our core outlook remains a modest slowdown in economic growth and a modest deceleration in the rate of profits growth across the European corporate sector.
However there are risks to our core view â our Economists estimate a c.30% chance of recession in the US and c.15% in Europe.
As a result, we thought it would be useful to stress-test our current assumptions and examine the potential downside risks for the corporate sector assuming a hardlanding scenario. We emphasise that this is an exercise in sensitivity and risk, not a forecast. (See âWhat Ifâ Scenario Analysis: Seeking value if a hard landing occurs, also published today, for analysis of the risks from a bottom-up perspective.)
Central scenario is for continued global growth
Our Economists in the US have long stressed the risks to the housing market and continue
to expect further weakness over coming months. Despite this outlook, they do not forecast an outright recession. Furthermore, global synchronised recessions are, fortunately, rare â
the last one was in the early 1980s following the second oil shock and a sharp rise in interest rates (US, UK and German bond yields rose to roughly 18% while short rates we running at roughly 15% at their peak). We continue to believe the structural upward shift in the BRICs economies will ensure that global growth is more resilient to a US downturn than has been the case in the past. Our Economists currently attribute a roughly 30% probability of recession in the US for 2008 and 15% in Europe (for details see European
Weekly Analyst: Increasing headwind on Euroland growth â but low risk of recession, November 8, 2007).
Nevertheless, recessions do happen and much remains uncertain about the potential leakage from the current financial crisis into the broader economy and therefore there are risks to our central outlook. In this report we look at the current consensus assumptions
and examine the potential for them to fall. We introduce a set of assumptions to stress-test a âhard-landing scenarioâ with Euroland GDP growth averaging 0.5% in 2008 and the UK at zero. We aim to gain a better understanding of the sensitivities involved for sectors and
stocks as growth weakens, and of the risks involved in picking companies based on current consensus views.
Focusing on the headwinds
Despite the headwinds emerging from the summerâs financial crisis, the rise in the euro and record commodity prices, consensus analystsâ expectations for the next 12 months have hardly moved. Indeed, they are forecasting an aggregate growth rate for 2008 earnings of 9%, actually higher than the 8.2% for this year.
Even the banks sector â the epicenter of current market stress and weakness â is forecast to see profits grow 7.3% in 2008, despite a 5.3% rise in 2007. Furthermore, consensus expectations assume that margins will continue to rise in every sector next year.