Are stop-limit orders made on IB TWS visible to everyone else?

until the stop price is hit, then it becomes a market order.

until the stop price is hit, then it becomes a *limit* order and the limit order would be visible to the exchanges but before the stop price is hit, the order would only exist on the broker's servers and won't be visible to the exchanges. Assuming this order is for an instrument that is traded on public exchanges, the broker in this case IB won't be and shouldn't be hitting the stop order on purpose just to take it out in a practice called "stop hunting" which is illegal as that is in direct conflict of interest against their clients and they would be breaking fiduciary duties owed to their clients.

IB and other brokers in instruments that are traded on public exchanges are supposed to be what is called "agency brokers" in that they only derive their revenue, most of it anyway via commissions when they matched and executed trades NOT from directly trading against their clients.
 
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Is it possible there are stop-limit orders which are exchange orders and are visible to everyone on the exchange if they subscribe to market data from the exchange?

Simple answer is No, otherwise very few people would ever place exchange/native stop orders.
 
I found what you are looking for on IB's website.

Here is a list of exchanges from IB.

https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/?f=exchanges

Example, clicking on "NYSE" takes you to a page that tells you the native order types for the NYSE including hidden, iceberg, limit, limit on close, limit on open, market on close, and market on open, and then all of the "Simulated by IB" including but not limited to Adjustable Stop, Basket, Conditional, Good After Time, .... Stop, Stop Limit .. etc.
This is the correct answer. It depends on the exchange what order types are native order types, and what order types are simulated by IB. If you submit an order to IB it will be forwarded by IB to the exchange's servers if it is a native order type to that exchange. Otherwise your order will remain active on IB's servers until the conditions are hit and the appropriate native order type is sent from IB to that exchange.
 
Trader Bob buys a stock on Monday for 50 with a stop for 25 and it gets executed even though the stock never goes below 40. Then he does it again on Tuesday and his stock also gets picked off. How many times before a major class action?

Even if I could see an order at 25 and I entered a buy at 25 nothing would happen. But let's say some really malicious code fooled the system. The bad boy puts in a buy for 1. Your broker flips out and sees that is less than the 25. The trade is just a market order now and would go off around the current 50. Not at 25 and not at 1.

I don't believe anyone can see the order but even if they could I don't see how they could get at it. I really believe the system would melt down if that horse left the barn.
 
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