They haven't kept their existing shareholders at all. As you indicated, the debt holders become the equity holders when a company goes through bankruptcy, pretty much that is the definition of bankruptcy. The existing shareholders take a 100% haircut. It's possible to invest in bankrupt companies by buying their debt, but not by buying their shares.If you look at shipping stocks in the US, they have been using bankruptcy for the last decade or more to restructure the business to raise capital while keeping the existing shareholders. They use it to convert all their debtholders to equity investors and stockholders take a haircut. So it is possible at a time of extreme stress that entire industries are operating under bankruptcy protection while restructuring their balance sheet. But like buying real estate at the bottom, your whole portfolio is underwater so where do you get the cash to buy these bankrupt companies? You can bet the broker and banks wont offer margin facilities so you have to be a cash investor.
Cash investors don't use leverage. They only outperform when markets crash and cash is king. The rest of the time they're on holiday.
My memory of at least Gencko was that you didn't get stock in the new company, you got warrants which gave you the option to buy stock on the reorganized company, is that correct? That's not uncommon with bankruptcy, they're essentially raising money from existing shareholders by offering them the chance to give more money to the new company so it's really just a cheap way of fundraising for them. Those warrants had value if you sold them before expiration, but they weren't getting you shares in the company unless you made an additional equity investment. Perhaps I'm wrong on Gencko specifically, if you actually get real shares with no additional investment though it would be an exception to the rule.In a chronically bankrupt industry like shipping, they provide piecemeal ownership to existing shareholders. I was able to buy stock in both genko shipping $GNK and eagle shipping $EGLE on their last day of trading for pennies and then waited for the bankruptcy reorganisation to relist the shares plus warrants and sell for a profit. In the case of Genko, they even used the same stock symbol which confused investors and the price was way too high on relisting before the normal market open. I was playing with free money because I shorted them all the way down so I was not afraid of the possibility that there would be no equity for me. To be clear, I was the only bid on the last day and kept dropping my bid when hit. Bought the all time low.
In 1939 Sir John Templeton bought 104 stocks that were trading on NYSE under a $1, 37 of which were in bankruptcy. 5 years later when he liquidated his position 100 out of 104 were profitable bets...This was in the book "The Lessons of Great Minds of Investing". Buying "when there is blood on the streets" is a tried and true strategy.
What they don't realise is that being a billionaire is probably a pretty shitty lifestyle.
My memory of at least Gencko was that you didn't get stock in the new company, you got warrants which gave you the option to buy stock on the reorganized company, is that correct? That's not uncommon with bankruptcy, they're essentially raising money from existing shareholders by offering them the chance to give more money to the new company so it's really just a cheap way of fundraising for them. Those warrants had value if you sold them before expiration, but they weren't getting you shares in the company unless you made an additional equity investment. Perhaps I'm wrong on Gencko specifically, if you actually get real shares with no additional investment though it would be an exception to the rule.