It does not "work just fine" in the UK. Due to the stamp duty, UK short-term trading has shifted to CFD's, which are not subject to the stamp duty. It really distorts things and adds an extra layer of complexity that would otherwise be unnecessary.Many other countries have already been doing so for years, including the UK. It works just fine, with additional taxes put in place for offshore investors to keep the system from being exploited.
Ironically, the indirect holding of shares also contributes to income inequality by increasing the distance between shareholders and the CEO's whose pay (or overpay, in some cases) that the investors should care about and police through shareholder voting, which of course doesn't take place if one doesn't directly own the stock.
In the US it would be even worse, because owing to the lobbying system, the largest and best-connected players would inevitably end up being totally exempt. So it is the small-to-medium sized, US-based traders and investors (including pension holders) who would bear the entire burden of the tax.
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