Quote from listedguru: They really beat up on the FTT pretty good IMHO
Here is the IMF staff's assessment of financial transaction taxes (FTT) in their interim report for the Meeting of G-20 Ministers in April 2010:
"There may indeed be a case to supplement a levy of the kind described above (Financial Stability Contribution, FSC, and Financial Activities Tax, FAT) with some other form of taxation, but
an FTT does not appear well suited to the specific purposes set out in the mandate from G-20 leaders", because:
- "the
volume of transactions is a
poor proxy for [..] the benefits it conveys on particular institutions [such as profits] or the costs they are likely to impose on it."
- "An FTT
would not target [..] systemic risk ("any of [its] key attributesâinstitution size, interconnectedness, and substitutability"),
- "if the aim is to discourage particular types of transactions, this could be done more effectively by taxing or
regulating them directly"
- "the
incidence of an FTT remains unclear â it should not be thought of as a well-targeted way of taxing any rents that may be earned in the financial sector", "Its real burden may fall largely on
final consumers (both businesses and individuals) rather than, as often seems to be supposed, earnings in the financial sector",
- it is "far from clear" what [..] "the [optimal] ratio of financial transactions to global GDP should ideally be",
- "it is
difficult to distinguish âundesirableâ from âdesirableâ short-term tradingâor to assess their relative importance",
- "it is not clear that lower transactions costs worsen cyclical market price swings: asset bubbles arise even in markets with very high transactions costs, such as real estate. If the aim is to discourage particular short-term transactions, this
can be done more effectively through regulation or targeted taxes."
- "It is now generally recognized that this is not always true that [..] an FTT would reduce market price volatility [..] in either theory (thinning of markets, for instance, can
increase volatility) or practice (the empirical evidence suggesting that transactions taxes either
do not affect price volatility or increase it)"
- "it would also
increase the cost of capital for all firms issuing taxed securities, since investors require higher returns to compensate them for reduced liquidity",
- it "is a central principle of public finance that [..] more could be raised by taxing output directly" while "a tax levied on transactions at one stage
âcascadesâ into prices at all further stages of production". "This is why, for instance, most countries have found the VATâwhich effectively excludes transactions between businessesâto be a more efficient revenue-raiser than turnover taxes."
- "financial transactions seem to be particularly
vulnerable to avoidance by engineering: an example is the use of âcontracts in differencesâ [CFDs] in the U.K.",
- "While the FAT will fall on intermediate transactions, it differs from the FTT in not directly
distorting activities of financial institutions"
- "a FAT would bear the same relationship to an FTT as the VAT does to
a turnover taxâa FAT in effect taxes net transactions of financial institutions, whereas an FTT
taxes gross transactions."
Source: IMF Staff Report "A fair and substantial contribution by the financial sector - interim report for the Meeting of G-20 Ministers", 16 April 2010, STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL, URL:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/2010_04_20_imf_g20_interim_report.pdf