What are these Exchanges?

[rudi20]

I have tick data for backtesting. Each trade lists the Exchange on which the trade occurred. Here is the list of possible Exchanges:

• AMEX (NYSE MKT)
• NASDAQ OMX BX (Boston)
• National Stock Exchange (Cincinnati)
• ISE (International Securities Exchange)
• DirectEdge A
• DirectEdge X
• Chicago
• NYSE
• ARCA (formerly Pacific)
• NASDAQ
• IEX
• NASDAQ OMX PSX (Philadelphia)
• BATS Y-Exchange, Inc.
• BATS
• NASD ADF (FINRA)
• Market Independent (SIP - Generated)
• Consolidated Tape System

The last three do not appear to be normal Exchanges. What are they, and in what circumstances would a trade be reported as occurring on them?

Thanks.

 

[Robert Morse]

NASD ADF (FINRA) - https://www.finra.org/filing-reporting/alternative-display-facililty- ADF, on Lightspeed Trader we use ADFN, is for Dark Pools and alternative networks to report trades.