"Time Frame" is short hand for specifying how long the data bar is in the chart you use to trade.
So, a "Daily Time Frame" is a Daily Chart, a chart in which one bar of data is equal to one day.
A 15-minute time frame is a chart that has one-bar equal to 15-minutes (15m).
A 1-minute time frame is a chart that has one bar equal to 1-minute.
Now, people will say to take the trend off a higher time frame or use a lower time frame to enter or exit a trade.
This means if your bread and butter trading is swing trades on a "Daily Time Frame", you probably do your TA on a daily chart, but select which stocks/indices to consider by first looking at Weekly charts, that is, use a "Weekly Time Frame" to select the trend. This idea is covered extensively in Alexander Elders "Trading for a Living" book.
Once your Daily support/resistance, or whatever, are determined and you are ready to trade, you then go to a lower time frame, for example, a "60-minute Time Frame" to select your entry and/or exit.
You can do the same things with intraday trading by looking at 15m - 5m - 3m charts: 15m chart for trend, 5m chart for support/resistance, etc, 3m chart for entry/exit. Or 60m-15m-3m... the idea being to use three time frames to get an edge on gains.
I'm not saying this is my system, or any system, but that's generally how time frames are used.
Ana Maria