Prudent risk management is not in and of itself and edge. For example - at the game of roulette there's no risk management scheme that will overcome the house's edge. If your strategy doesn't capitalize on elements of market behavior that are non-random to a degree that you can over come the costs of trading and be profitable in the long run - no amount of Prudent Risk Management can overcome that.
But, to return to the OP's question: There are a handful of market behaviors that aren't random that have been present in stocks and commodities since the dawn of freely traded markets. Various methods / systems / algos that lean on these elements are robust across a wide set of parameter values. They are very simple to describe. Yes, they have losing periods but they've withstood the test of time.